

- autonomy
- autonomía ж.


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- This Spanish law of 1983 upheld the principle of university autonomy and divided responsibility for universities between the state, the autonomous regions, and the universities themselves. It gave universities academic independence and responsibility for hiring and promoting staff. It shortened degree courses from five to four years. Subjects offered were changed to meet the needs of the labor market.
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- A rural paramilitary police force founded in Spain in 1844. It has been used by different governments to fight against organized labor, republicanism, and regional autonomy, and came to be seen as an instrument of state repression.
The Civil Guard has adapted to the new democratic Spain and is involved in anti-terrrorist operations, the coastguard service and environmental protection.
Civil guards are armed and traditionally have had a distinctive uniform, including the tricornio, a black patent leather, three-cornered hat. In an effort to change its image, the tricornio is now worn only on ceremonial occasions or in front of official buildings.


- autonomy
- autonomía ж.
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