Before powerful computers were available, most problems of material flow simulation have been solved by means of queuing theory and operations research methods.
en.wikipedia.org Papers in operations research journals on mathematical theory often contain supporting numerical results from computational studies.
en.wikipedia.org It has application in many disciplines including statistical physics, particle physics, computer science, electrical engineering, biology, economics, operations research, and sociology.
en.wikipedia.org Applied statistics can be regarded as not a field of mathematics but an autonomous mathematical science, like computer science and operations research.
en.wikipedia.org Operations research techniques include linear programming and other areas of optimization, queuing theory, scheduling theory, network theory.
en.wikipedia.org