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comunidad autónoma Info

comunidad autónoma

Spain has long been been a diverse country, made up of different kingdoms and territories with their own languages, political institutions and legal systems. Periods of central control and uniformity, such as the Franco era, nurtured nationalist and separatist feeling in the Basque Country, Catalonia and Galicia. The 1978 Constitution changed Spain into a country consisting of 19 autonomous regions, known as comunidades autónomas or autonomías. These replaced the old regiones. Each of them has its own parliament and government, and its relationship with the central government is governed by an estatuto. Some have more autonomy than others.
The comunidades autónomas are: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, the Balearic Islands, the Basque Country , the Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castilla y León, Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarre, La Rioja, Valencia and the North African cities of Ceuta and Melilla. Estatuto/Estatut

Смотри также regiones, Estatuto/Estatut

regiones Info

regiones

Before the formation of the present-day comunidades autónomas comunidad autónoma, Spain was divided into regiones. While they were broadly similar geographically, there was greater centralization of power. Unlike the new autonomous regions, they had no self-government.
Another country divided into regions is Chile, which has twelve.

Estatuto/Estatut Info

Estatuto/Estatut

Spain's 1978 Constitution granted of areas of competence competencias to each of the autonomous regions it created. It also established that these could be modified by agreements, called estatutos de autonomía or just estatutos, between central government and each of the autonomous regions. The latter do not affect the competencias of central government which controls the army, etc. For example, Navarre, the Basque Country and Catalonia have their own police forces and health services, and collect taxes on behalf of central government. Navarre has its own civil law system, fueros, and can levy taxes which are different to those in the rest of Spain. In 2006, Andalusia, Valencia and Catalonia renegotiated their estatutos. The Catalan Estatut was particularly contentious.